The greatest contribution of Aristarchus to astronomy is that it has opened the right path even if it does not go beyond a assumption in the recognition of the universe and the solar system.
(3rd century BC) Old Greek astronomer, mathematician, and thinker. He argued that the Sun was not in the center of the universe, but the Sun, and that the earth wandered around the Sun.
Aristarchus of Samos (c. 310 – c. 230 BCE) was an ancient Greek astronomer and mathematician who presented the first known heliocentric model that placed the Sun at the center of the known universe, with the Earth revolving around the Sun once a year and rotating about its axis once a day.
He was born on Sisam Island. According to some sources, he lived between 310 and 230 BC. The only exact date that can be documented based on Plutarkhos is 281-280 BC when he made his first observations. Aristarchus’s Lykeion was founded by Aristotle in Athens. It is known that he was a student of Straton of Lampsakos and Straton was brought to the head of this school in 288 BC. Straton greatly influenced Aristarkhos' view of science with his attitude, which tries to reconcile the philosophy of Aristotle and natural sciences and gives a privileged place among other sciences.
Aristarchus, who made the first observations on the “Summer Return”, where he returned to the southern hemisphere from the northern hemisphere during the apparent annual movement of the Sun in 281-280 BC, was also a valuable mathematics scholar. In his study titled “The Sun and the Moon, which has survived to the present day, on top of the dimensions and distances of the Moon, he calculated the numerical values of these celestial bodies with eighteen propositions on six hypotheses by taking advantage of Eukleides geometry. Although the results of trigonometric proportions are wrong, their approach and method are correct; Moreover, it is an important step in terms of grasping the dimensions of the universe. Aristarchus also made corrections on the Solar Year and Moon-Day cycle calculated by Metone, Eudoxos, and Kallippos designed a more developed sundial than known examples and examined light, colors, and vision.
The greatest contribution of Aristarchus to astronomy is that it has opened the right path even if it does not go beyond an assumption in the recognition of the universe and the solar system. Aristarchus was the first astronomy scholar to prepare the birth of the day-centered system in the 16th century by revealing the assumption that the celestialism in the center of the universe was not the place, but the sun, but the sun in the 16th century. Until the arrival of Aristarkhos, which was called “the Copernicus of the Ancient Age, in the 6th century BC, Pythagoras initiated Pythagoras was adopted by all astronomers and thinkers for nearly two centuries.
Since only a small examination of Aristarchus can survive, the daytime theory and other studies are known as especially as Plutarkhos quoted.