Should a movie be thought of as a novel written by a director? Why do we call directors who have a special way of expression as auteur? Here is the description:
The group including André Bazin, François Truffaut, and Jean-Luc Godard, one of the founders and writers of the film magazine Chaiers su Cinéma (Cinema Notebook), first stated that the concept used for all branches of art should also be used for directors.
François Truffaut, one of the founders of the French New Wave Movement, suggested in his article titled A Distinctive Trend in French Cinema published in 1954, that directors can express their personal feelings and thoughts in their films so that directors should be considered auteurs.
Truffaut is considered the father of the concept of auteur used in the art of cinema, as its use became widespread after this article was published in the journal Chaiers su Cinéma.
It was film critic Andrew Sarris who introduced the concept to America. For the first time, Sarris, in his article Notes on the Auteur Theory in 1962, stated the features that distinguish auteur directors from other directors.
These traits are technical mastery, personal style, and inner meaning.
André Bazin, a film critic, and theorist added historical, economic, political, cultural, social, and productive accumulation to Sarris' criteria.
Thinking that a film should reflect the personal view of the director, Bazin has an important place in the development of the Auteur Theory.
The theory argues that a director can use the tools used in the filmmaking process in the same way that a painter or a sculptor uses their materials. A film is a work in which the director can convey his view of life, his thoughts and artistic personality, as well as his individual personality.
According to the theory, the best films are the ones signed by the director.
The directors who are not under the influence of popular movements and changes in the field of cinema and who create distinctive works with their narrative styles are called auteurs.
Although independent director-screenwriters are usually called auteurs, some studio directors such as Alfred Hitchcock and Charlie Chaplin are also called by this name.
In the films of auteur directors, even if the director is not known, who he is is recognized by his distinctive style and the marks he leaves.
Auteur Directors from around the World;
Ingmar Bergman
Federico Fellini
Jean-Luc Godard
Woody Allen
Wes Anderson
Martin Scorsese
Jean Cocteau
Lars von Trier
Howard Hawks
Stanley Kubrick
Michael Haneke…