Young Caesarion was used as a pawn in a political game from the time he was born until his death.
Cleopatra, the co-ruler of Egypt at that time (48 BC), was planning to seize absolute power in Egypt. To achieve this goal, she chose to form an alliance with the Roman government and its leader, Julius Caesar (Julius Caesar). Apparently, Cleopatra is known for seducing Caesar to win this relationship. A servant reportedly smuggled her into Caesar's bedroom. Despite being 30 years older than him, she made a good impression on the Roman Emperor.
Ptolemy XV Caesar (23 June 47 BC – August 30 BC), nicknamed Caesarion ("Little Caesar"), was the last pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt, reigning with his mother Cleopatra from 2 September 44 BC until her death by 12 August 30 BC, then as sole ruler until his death was ordered by Octavian (who would become the first Roman emperor as Augustus).
No matter how much political drama their marriage caused, it resulted in the birth of the couple's only child, Caesarion. Caesar initially did not recognize his son Caesarion (born June 47 BC, full name Ptolemy Philopator Philometor Caesar), but accepted after Cleopatra and Caesarion moved to Rome in 46 BC. Caesar, Cleopatra, and Caesarion died untimely. After Caesar's death, Cleopatra and Caesarion returned to Egypt. Cleopatra had high hopes that her son would one day ascend to the throne of both Rome and Egypt.
Shortly after their arrival in Egypt, Cleopatra had her brother and co-ruler Ptolemy XIV Theos Philopator II killed. This was done to ensure Caesarion's succession. Caesarion studied political science and philosophy during his years in Alexandria, Egypt.
Cleopatra would soon set foot in Rome again, this time seducing Mark Antony, a Roman commander and possible heir to Caesar's throne. When Antony and Cleopatra formed an alliance, Antony gave Cleopatra and her son Caesarion the rule of an enormous kingdom that stretched from India to the Hellespont. Caesarion was only 14 years old at the time.
But on August 30 of that year, Caesar's successor and adopted son, Octavian (Augustus or Octavian), won a victory over Mark Antony. Cleopatra sent her then 17-year-old son, Caesarion, to the port city of Berenice to set sail for the Red Sea, fearing for his life. Mark Antony soon fell into Cleopatra's arms, and Cleopatra died soon after.
Caesarion, who was away from Rome at the time, received word that Octavian wanted him to rule Egypt. On his return to Rome, he was greeted by a mob of Roman soldiers and promptly executed, paving the way for Octavian's accession to the throne.
The reasons for Caesarion's return to Rome have been a mystery to historians. This may never be known, but one thing is certain: Little Caesarion was used as a pawn in a political game from the time he was born to the moment he died, and along with everyone who trusted him, he eventually lost.