One of the leading practitioners of Cold War policies: Who is Dean Acheson?

(1893-1971) American statesman. He is one of the leading practitioners of Cold War policies. Born April 11 in Connecticut, died October 12 in Maryland. His father was the bishop of Connecticut. He studied law at Yale and Harvard universities. He married in 1917 and had three children. He served in the US Navy during World War I. In 1921, he began working in a law firm in Washington. He became deputy finance minister in 1933. After this job, which lasted only five months, he was appointed head of the Department of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1941. In 1945, he became the assistant secretary of state of the United States. After World War II, he became one of the people who guided the US foreign policy during the Cold War period. He is one of the practitioners of the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, which was prepared to protect the interests of the USA in the Middle East. Within the framework of the Truman Doctrine, urgent military and economic aid was envisaged to be given to Turkey and Greece.

He became secretary of state during Truman's presidency in 1949. He advocated the creation of a Western alliance against the Soviet Union and other socialist countries, and for this purpose, he pioneered the establishment of NATO.

When he opposed the "Anti-American Studies Investigation Committee," chaired by Senator McCarthy, to investigate the people he worked with, he drew the reaction of McCarthyist sections. He was held responsible for the participation of the People's Republic of China in the Korean War, and a public opinion was formed that demanded his resignation. But President Truman supported Acheson and insisted he stays in office.

The fact that the People's Republic of China was not recognized by the United States was instrumental in making decisions such as aiding the Chiang Kai-shek administration and the French colonial administration in Indochina. After leaving the ministry of foreign affairs in 1954, he served as a consultant to heads of state in addition to his private affairs. In 1964, when the Cyprus problem came to a deadlock, he participated in the talks held in Geneva as the representative of the US President. Among his proposals, known as the "Acheson Plan", there was also a base in Cyprus for Turkey.

His book Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department, which evaluates his years as secretary of state, won the Pulitzer Prize for history in 1970.

WORKS:

A Democrat Looks at His Party, 1955,

A Citizen Looks at Congress, 1957,

Power and Diplomacy, 1958,

Morning and Noon, 1958,

Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department, 1969.