Her son eventually became king of England: Who is Mary Stuart?
The only surviving legitimate child of King James V of Scotland, Mary was only six days old when her father died and she ascended to the throne. It seemed dangerous that she was a Catholic and was going behind Elizabeth's back; she was killed.
Queen Elizabeth I of England died childless. Therefore, Mary's son, as Elizabeth's closest relative, succeeded to the throne.
She was born on 8 December 1542 at Linlithgow Palace in Scotland. Her father was King James V of Scotland and her mother was a French woman named Mary. When James V died soon after, she became Queen of Scotland in her six-day state. The deputies governed the country until she ascended to the throne. King Henry VIII of England took advantage of this opportunity. Henry arranged for the Greenwich Treaty to be signed when Mary was six months old.
According to this contract, Mary would marry Edward when she was ten years old, move to England, and marry King Henry VIII. Henry would be able to see how Mary grew up. But Cardinal Beaton opposed this and wanted to take Mary away from England. Mary was crowned on September 9, 1543. This led to a crisis between Scotland and England.
Mary, Queen of Scots (8 December 1542 – 8 February 1587), also known as Mary Stuart or Mary I of Scotland, was Queen of Scotland from 14 December 1542 until her forced abdication in 1567. The only surviving legitimate child of James V of Scotland, Mary was six days old when her father died and she inherited the throne.
King of France II. Henry wanted to marry his three-year-old son to Mary to unite France and Scotland. This offer was accepted. Five-year-old Mary was sent to France and received an education there. In 1561 she returned to Scotland. Scotland at that time was divided between Catholicism and Protestantism. Mary was a Catholic. His return posed a threat to the nobles who made Protestantism the official religion and to England, which supported them.
Mary married Lord Danley on 29 July 1565 to ascend to the English throne. Elizabeth became concerned about this marriage; for Mary and Danley were heirs to the throne of England. Mary had a son named James in 1566. Lord Danley was killed in February 1567. Mary married the Earl of Bothwell in April 1567. Having lost the support of the people, Mary was defeated by the uprisings led by Moray and was dethroned by the nobles. She was imprisoned in Lochleven Castle and left the throne to her one-year-old son, James. She escaped from prison in 1568 and declared war on her half-brother Moray, but was defeated at the Battle of Langside. She was forced to leave Scotland on 16 May 1568. She took refuge in England under Elizabeth's rule.
Being the closest heir to the throne of England after Elizabeth, and the plans of English Catholics to revolt, make the Catholic religion dominant, and put Mary on the throne, caused Mary to pose a danger to England and to live a captive life for eighteen years.
Mary was involved in many conspiracies against Elizabeth. Based on the evidence collected against her, she was sentenced to death in 1586. Her son became king of Scotland as James VI and of England as James I.